Xian Regency Holiday Pottery figures unearthed in Yangling mausoleum

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Pottery figures unearthed in Yangling mausoleum

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POTTERY FIGURES UNEARTHED IN YANGLING MAUSOLEUM

QIANLING MAUSOLEUM

-- Pottery Figures Unearthed in Yangling Mausoleum --	The II emperors of the Western Han Dynasty were all buried in a hilly area near Xi’an. According to the customs of the Western Han, once an emperor succeeded to the throne, each one had to build his own mausoleum called "longevity mausoleum". It was decided that the size of the mausoleums would be around 47 hectares, a mound of earth
shaped in a rough square with a flat top. Each mausoleum included a chamber for the coffin, a side chamber and a temple for sacrificial ceremonies. Today, the II Western Han mausoleums are no more than deserted mounds of earth.
The reign of Emperor Han Jingdi (156-141 B.C.) saw a period of prosperity during the early Western Han Dynasty. When he died, he was buried in Xianyang on the northern bank of the Weihe River, an area containing nine known emperors’ mausoleums. In the summer of 1990, archaeologists discovered 24 pits containing pottery figures in the ruins of the large mausoleums and attached tombs. The unearthed pit area is 320 meters long and 300 meters wide, occupying 9.6 hectares. The 24 pits are arranged in a neat formation, some 20 meters apart, each in the shape of a south-to-north rectangle. More than 10,000 objects, such as pottery figures, bronze and iron weapons, farming tools, dress decorations and coins have already been found.
Colored pottery figures of human beings have also been unearthed. They are about 62 centimeters tall, or roughly one-third the size of a real person. There are approximately 40,000 such figures, the number having been estimated by the density of their arrangement. These well-proportioned figures are sculpted in a realistic way with smooth and vigorous lines. Some look mature, some innocent, others bold and unconstrained, but all of them show the expertise attained by Han artists.


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